Introduction to Heat pipe Heat exchangers

A heat pipe heat exchanger, also known as a tubular heat exchanger, is a device that transfers heat energy through a tube bundle in a cylindrical shell. It is widely used for heat exchange in industrial processes, especially suitable for high temperature and high pressure environments, and can meet the heat exchange needs between a variety of fluids.
 

Composition of heat pipe exchanger

Heat pipe heat exchanger mainly consists of the following parts:
1. Shell: generally cylindrical, as an external structure, with heat transfer tubes inside.
2. Heat transfer tube bundle: located in the shell, both ends are fixed in the tube plate, is the core component of heat exchange.
3. Tube plate: located at both ends of the shell to fix the tube bundle and ensure tightness to prevent fluids from mixing with each other.
4. Baffle (baffle) : installed in the shell, guide the shell flow through the tube bundle several times, enhance the turbulence of the fluid, improve the heat transfer efficiency.
5. Pipe box: connected at both ends of the heat exchanger and connected to the tube plate, responsible for distributing and collecting pipe flow.
 

Heat pipe heat exchanger characteristics

Advantages of heat pipe heat exchangers include:
1. High heat transfer coefficient: The threaded pipe made of high thermal conductivity materials such as copper or stainless steel is designed to produce strong turbulence combined with internal and external threads, which significantly improves heat transfer efficiency.
2. Compact structure: a large heat transfer area per unit volume, saving materials and space.
3. Anti-scaling ability: the threaded pipe with special concave and convex structure and thermal expansion reduce the attachment of impurities and extend the service life of the equipment.
4. Leak-proof design: It has a short sealing perimeter, and the threaded pipe has a compensation function similar to the expansion joint to reduce the risk of leakage.
5. Strong applicability: provide a variety of models such as fixed tube plate, floating head type, U-shaped tube type, etc., to adapt to different working conditions.
6. Easy maintenance: part of the design supports tube bundle disassembly, easy cleaning and maintenance, suitable for easy scaling or frequent cleaning media.
 

Heat pipe heat exchanger application field

• Chemical industry: heating or cooling of raw materials or products to support chemical reaction processes.
  - Oil and natural gas: Heat exchange under high temperature and pressure during the refining process.
  - Food processing: heating, cooling and pasteurization to ensure food safety and quality.
  - Power industry: Steam generation and condensation are critical to the proper operation of power stations.
  - Metallurgical industry: Heat treatment furnace temperature control and metal product cooling.
  - HVAC: Hot water heating and cooling in heating and air conditioning systems to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature.

The technical principle of shell and tube heat exchanger is mainly based on wall heat transfer, in which a fluid flows inside the tube bundle, and another fluid flows in the shell outside the tube bundle, and the two exchange heat through the tube wall. Specifically, the working principle of shell and tube heat exchanger includes the following aspects:

1. Heat transfer surface: the wall of the tube bundle is used as a heat transfer surface, and two kinds of working fluids flow inside and outside the tube respectively, and heat exchange through the tube wall.

2. Fluid flow: pipe flow in the tube, shell flow outside the tube. In order to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the pipeline fluid, some designs use spiral tubes or nodule tubes, which can increase the degree of turbulence of the fluid, thereby improving the heat transfer coefficient.

3. Temperature control: By adjusting the heat source flow into the heat exchanger, the temperature of the heated medium can be controlled. For example, there is a regulating valve before the heat source inlet, and changing the valve opening can adjust the outlet temperature.

The design and manufacture of shell-and-tube heat exchangers is a complex process that requires comprehensive consideration of many factors, including process requirements, material selection, structural design, safety standards, etc.

1. Check the heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer area: Calculate the heat transfer coefficient K and heat transfer area F according to the heat transfer coefficient of pipe and shell, dirt thermal resistance, wall thermal resistance, etc. This step takes into account a number of factors, such as differences between operating conditions and design conditions, and possible future scaling or clogging problems.

2. Manufacturing technology: The manufacturing process of shell and tube heat exchanger includes selecting the appropriate material, determining the specifications and arrangement of the tube bundle, and the number of baffle or support plate. These manufacturing details are critical to the performance and durability of heat exchangers.

3. Design conditions: Users need to provide some key design conditions, such as operating pressure, operating temperature, metal wall temperature, material name and characteristics, corrosion margin, number of passes, heat exchange area, heat exchange tube specifications, etc. This information is essential for the design of an efficient and safe heat exchanger.

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